A recent study found that today 67% of the energy used by the Members of the Bitcoin Mining Council is sustainable energy, higher than for any country and probably any industry worldwide.1 So, maybe bitcoin is not the climate killer some people deem it to be but actually helping the fight against climate change?
Yes, the bitcoin-Network consumes a lot of energy and no sane person would try to argue with that. The more relevant question is if the energy is used efficiently and creates benefit or value. The comparison to banks and their infrastructure would be accurate to judge on that since the bitcoin network provides a similar service and an honest assessment compares bitcoins carbon footprint with the services that are substituted. We only know how bad bitcoin is, if we know what the energy consumption of the traditional financial system is – or if you see bitcoin more like digital gold, how much energy is used to mine, store and distribute gold.
On the other hand, the energy used for bitcoin is exceptionally clean. The biggest cost position for Miner is electricity – they have an unprecedented incentive to buy the energy as cheap as possible and are insanely mobile at the same time. Clean energy is in most, if not all places, significantly cheaper than dirty coal and that’s why Miners mainly adapted innovative approaches like changing production venues each Season or buying otherwise wasted energy. This way the network today has a cleaner energy mix than Germany as one of the greenest countries in the world and will probably net-zero emitting by the mid of this decade. All without any subsidies or pressure from regulators. The help for climate doesn‘t come from the energy consumption, but the innovation around it.2,3
Having said all that: Besides bitcoin as digital gold, I strongly favor more environmentally friendly consensus-mechanism like Proof-of-Stake and more efficient blockchains like Cardano and hopefully soon Ethereum.
(1) https://www.hope.com/content/dam/hope-assets/collateral/BMC-Q2-2021-materials.pdf
(2) https://assets.ctfassets.net/2d5q1td6cyxq/5mRjc9X5LTXFFihIlTt7QK/e7bcba47217b60423a01a357e036105e/BCEI_White_Paper.pdf
(3) https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2021/05/jack-dorsey-says-bitcoin-is-climate-friendly-is-he-right.html